Mathematicians from University College Cork and the University of Exeter has shed light on a concerning aspect of climate change. According to their findings, the rate at which Earth approaches critical levels of climate change could pose a significant threat to our future, potentially rivaling the dangers of actually reaching these critical levels.
Traditionally, the focus has been on the critical threshold itself, which is seen as a point of no return. However, this new research suggests that the rate at which we approach this threshold is equally important, if not more so. The study introduces the concept of “rate-induced tipping points,” which are triggered by the rapidity of change rather than the specific critical level being crossed.
This phenomenon has far-reaching implications. A gradual and slower approach towards a critical level of climate change provides ecosystems, humans, and animals with more time to adapt and respond effectively. On the other hand, a rapid and disruptive approach could lead to irreversible shifts in human and natural systems even before critical levels are reached. This could result in the endangerment and potential extinction of various species.
The researchers emphasize that controlling the rate of change is paramount. They provide an example from an unrelated domain – the near-blackout incident during the 1990 World Cup semi-final. The National Grid was prepared for a surge in demand after the game’s regular time, but the unexpected extension into extra time and penalties caused an unforeseen massive demand surge. The grid was unprepared for such a sudden increase in demand, highlighting the importance of managing rates of change.
The study urges climate policymakers to recognize the concept of rate-induced tipping as a crucial consideration. They argue that while limiting global warming levels is vital, addressing the rate at which these changes occur is equally if not more critical. This aspect has been somewhat overlooked in the most recent Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) assessment report, which focused primarily on the urgency of limiting global warming levels.
In light of the ongoing intensification of global warming and heatwaves, the researchers stress the significance of understanding and addressing rate-induced tipping. By doing so, we might stand a better chance of navigating the complex challenges posed by climate change and avoiding irreversible shifts in various interconnected systems.